Vocab of the Magna Carta
1. Archbishop- the chief bishop responsible for an archdiocese
2. Baron- a person who held lands or property from the sovereign or a powerful overlord
3. Justicaries- the chief political and judicial officer of the Norman and later kings of England until the 13th century
4. Liege- concerned with or relating to the relationship between a feudal superior and a vassal
5. Rectifying- convert
6. Inheritance-a thing that is inherited
7. Heir-a person legally entitled to the property or rank of another on that person's death
8. Aforesaid-denoting a thing or person previously mentioned
9. Amends-reparation or compensation
10. Fief-an estate of land, especially one held on condition of feudal service
11. Wainage-produce derived from agriculture
12. Bailiffs-a person who performs certain actions under legal authority, in particular
13. Debtor-a person or institution that owes a sum of money
14. Sureties-a person who takes responsibility for another's performance of an undertaking
15. Scutage-money paid by a vassal to his lord in lieu of military service
16. Ransoming-obtain the release of a prisoner by making a payment demanded
17. Levied-impose
18. Tenement-a room or a set of rooms forming a separate residence within a house or block of apartments
19. Disseisin-action to recover lands
20. Ecclesiastical-of or relating to the Christian Church or its clergy
21. Wapentakes-a subdivision of certain northern and midland English counties
22. Kinsfolk-a group of people related by blood
23. Lieu-instead
24. Dwell-live in or at a specified place
25. Henceforth-from this time on or from that time on
26. Sureties-a person who takes responsibility for another's performance of an undertaking, for example their appearing in court or the payment of a debt
27. Bailiwicks-one's sphere of operations or particular area of interest
28. Disafforestation-english law to reduce land
29. Reckoning-the action or process of calculating or estimating something
30. Revoked-put an end to the validity or operation of a decree, decision, or promise
31. Arisen-emerge; become apparent
32. Quarrel-an angry argument or disagreement, typically between people who are usually on good terms
What led up to the signing of the Magna Carta
- In 1205, King John had an arument with the Pope Innocent III about who should be archbishop of Canterbury. The Pope wanted a man named Stephen Langton to be archbishop, but King John promised he should never come to England
- In 1209, The pope fought back and officially excluded King John and banned all church services in all parish churches
- King John gave in, and Pope Innocent made the king and people pay him money whenever he demanded it
- Taxes imposed by King John were way too high. His act of retaliation against defaulters were ruthless and his idea justice was considered greedy
- In 1212, King John imposes taxes on the Barons in his attempts to regain the lost lands of Aquitaine, Poitou and Anjou
- King John had an argument with the Barons over his methods of ruling England
- The Barons and Stephen Langton decided to restrain the King and make him rule by the old English laws that had succeeded before the Normans came. The demands of the Barons were documented in the 'Articles of the Barons' in January 1215
- The Barons prepared to fight against King John
- The Barons captured London in May 1215
- In June the Barons, in full armor, took King John by surprise at Windsor and he agreed to a meeting at Runnymede
- King John signed and closed the document on June 10, 1215
- The barons renewed the Oath of Fealty to King John on June 15, 1215
- The royal chancery produced a formal royal grant, based on the agreements reached at Runnymede, which became known as Magna Carta
- Copies of the Magna Carta were distributed to bishops, sheriffs and other important people throughout England
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