Introduction
This trimester we will be researching castles on how it was built and its architecture. After we do all our research on the castle will be split up into different groups to build that specific part of the castle on Minecraft.
Vocabulary
- Fiefdom- a fief
- Feudalism-the dominant social system in medieval Europe, in which the nobility held lands from the Crown in exchange for military service, and vassals were in turn tenants of the nobles, while the peasants (villeins or serfs) were obliged to live on their lord's land and give him homage, labor, and a share of the produce, notionally in exchange for military protection.
- Monarch-a sovereign head of state, especially a king, queen, or emperor
- Lord -someone or something having power, authority, or influence; a master or ruler
- Vassal -a holder of land by feudal tenure on conditions of homage and allegiance
- Knight- a man who served his sovereign or lord as a mounted soldier in armor.
- Peasant -a poor farmer of low social status who owns or rents a small piece of land for cultivation (chiefly in historical use or with reference to subsistence farming in poorer countries).
- Commoner -an ordinary person, without rank or title
- Serf- an agricultural laborer bound under the feudal system to work on his lord's estate
- Tradesman-a person engaged in trading or a trade, typically on a relatively small scale
- Merchant- A merchant is a businessperson who trades in commodities produced by others, in order to earn a profit
- Castle -a large building or group of buildings fortified against attack with thick walls, battlements, towers, and in many cases a moat.
- Moat-a deep, wide ditch surrounding a castle, fort, or town, typically filled with water and intended as a defense against attack
- Guild -a medieval association of craftsmen or merchants, often having considerable power
- Abbey-the building or buildings occupied by a community of monks or nuns
- High Middle Ages-The High Middle Ages or High Medieval Period was the period of European history around the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries (c. 1001–1300)
- 100 Year's War-A war between France and England that lasted from the middle of the fourteenth century to the middle of the fifteenth
- Black Death-The Black Death was an epidemic of bubonicplague, a disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis that circulates among wild rodents where they live in great numbers and density
Question and Answer
- Who were the people dependent upon? The people were dependent upon the monarch/ lord
- Where did they choose to build? And why? They bulid next to the river for defense
- What was the first ring of the castle called? The first ring of the castle defenses
- How long with the walls be on the outer curtain? The walls on the outer curtain will be 300 ft. long
- How thick was the inner curtain? How high? The inner curtain is 12ft, 35ft high
- Make a sketch
- What's the center of the inner ward? The center of the inner ward is to keep cattle
- How many entrances in the town wall? How are they protected? There are 2 entrances, and protected by gate houses
- Why did people move to towns? People moved to the town because there is a chance to start again and earn money or even become a lord
- What were the walls filled with? The walls are filled with gravel
- How are the windows designed, starting form the bottom to the top of the towers? The windows is filled with glass, so enemy can't go through it
- What are the crenulations used for? The crenulations are used for decorations
- Why are the gate houses not lined up from the inner to the outer wards? They're not lined up from the inner to outer wards, so the enemy couldn't get in
- How are the tower levels divided? It depends on the use of it
- What defenses are in the gate house? In a gate house it block the entrance, allow soldiers to attack
- What are the buildings made from? The building are made from stone
- What lived on the bottom floor of the barracks? The top? The bottom floor are for soilders. The top floor is for lords
- What is a garderobe? A garderobe is a medival toilet
- Why were nicer rooms higher in the tower? The nicer rooms are higher so the attackers couldn't get in as easily
22. How many rooms were in the tower? There are 4 rooms
24. How did the peasants live?
The peasants works
25. What was the main materials that was used to build medieval homes? The main material is wood and stone
26. What is wattle? What is daub?
A wattle is used to make walls of peasant's home
A daub is a straw
27. Why did people settle in towns?
They settled in the town for protection
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